Lub plhaub loj ntawm lub plating txheej yog cov cathodic polarization ntawm lub plating tov, cov conductivity, qhov tam sim no efficiency ntawm cathode, geometry ntawm lub electrode thiab plating da, thiab lub xeev lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus hlau.
1. Cathodic Polarization Cathodic polarization yog txoj kab nqes ntawm lub cathodic polarization nkhaus, uas yog qhov degree uas lub cathodic muaj peev xwm hloov nrog lub cathodic tam sim no ceev (dφ / dDK). Txij li thaum txoj kab nqes ntawm txhua tus taw tes ntawm txhua qhov kev cathodic polarization nkhaus sib txawv, lub polarization ntawm txhua tus taw tes tsis zoo li qub. Thaum lwm yam mob tsis hloov, lub polarizability ntawm cov plating kua zoo dua. Yog li, txhua yam zoo tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cathodic polarization (xws li xaiv cov complexing agents thiab additives, etc.) yuav ua kom lub dispersibility thiab cov kev pab ntawm lub txheej.
2. Electroplating solution conductivity Feem ntau, qhov kev nce ntxiv tuaj yeem ua kom qhov kev fajseeb khwv nyiaj. Thaum lub cathodic polarizability ntawm plating tshuaj yog loj, nce lub conductivity tau significantly txhim kho lub dispersibility thiab cov kev pab them nqi. Yog hais tias lub polarizability yog heev me me los sis txawm ze ntawm xoom, nce tus conductivity tej zaum yuav tsis txhim kho cov dispersion peev xwm. Piv txwv, lub degree ntawm polarizability thaum lub sij hawm ntawm chrome plating yog yuav luag sib npaug rau xoom, yog li ntawd txawm tias cov chromium plating kua muaj zoo conductivity, cov dispersion thereof Thiab cov kev pab yog txom nyem.
3. Cathode tam sim no Cov nyhuv ntawm kev hloov cathodic tam sim no ntawm qhov kev ua kom zoo yog nyob ntawm seb qhov cathodic tam sim no nws txawv nrog lub cathodic tam sim no. Feem ntau yuav muab faib ua 3 qho:
(1) Tam sim no kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cathode sib txawv me ntsis nrog cov kev hloov hauv cov kab mob tam sim no (xws li, sulphate copper plating, galvanization), thiab tam sim no efficiency tsis yuav luag.
(2) Cathode kev hloov tam sim no yuav txo tau raws li qhov kev ceev ceev tam sim no (piv txwv, tag nrho cov kev daws plating siv ib tus neeg saib xyuas tsis meej), lub cathodic tam sim no muaj peev xwm ua kom zoo dua dispersion thiab cov kev pab them nqi. Vim yog lub zog loj tam sim no, qhov kev ua lag luam tam sim no tsawg tsawg, thiab qhov kev ua tau tam sim no yog qhov siab qhov teeb meem me me tam sim no, yog li ntawd qhov tseeb tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub cathodes yog rov faib ntau dua uniformly. Ntawd yog, lub peev xwm los tawm tsam tau nce.
(3) Cathode tam sim no nce nrog nce ceev ceev (piv txwv li, chrome plating), uas yuav txo kev dispersion thiab cov kev pab them nqi. Vim tias qhov kev sib haum ntawm lub cathode no siab, qhov tam sim no efficiency siab, thiab qhov ceev nrawm yog tsawg uas qhov teeb meem tam sim no me me, yog li ntawd qhov tseeb tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub cathodes yog redistributed ntau unevenly, uas yog, lub dispersibility txo .
4. Lub tshuab electrode thiab lub plating ntawm qhov sib txawv Qhov zoo thiab qhov loj ntawm lub electrode, qhov deb ntawm cov electrodes, qhov chaw ntawm lub electrode hauv plating da dej, thiab cov duab ntawm lub plating da dej tag nrho yuav cuam tshuam rau kev faib tawm ntawm lub txheej ntawm lub cathode nto. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho qhov tsis ncaj ncees tam sim no ntawm lub electrode los ntawm qhov no, cov cathode auxiliary thiab cov duab kos anod yog siv hauv electroplating, thiab qhov deb ntawm cathode thiab anode yog tsim nyog nce.
5. Xoom ntawm lub hauv paus hlau Vim tias lub overpotential ntawm hydrogen rau ntawm qhov chaw ntxhib yog me dua lub qhov saum npoo dej, hydrogen yooj yim precipitates rau lub ntxhib nto thiab cov deposit tsis yooj yim tso. Yog li ntawd, txhim kho txoj kev haum ntawm lub hauv paus hlau tuaj yeem ua kom muaj peev xwm npog. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov hlau muaj xim muaj impurities nrog cov tsis tshua muaj hydrogen overpotential (xws li carbon impurities hauv cam khwb cia hlau), hydrogen yooj yim precipitates ntawm cov impurities thiab cov txheej txheej deposited tsis yooj yim. Yog hais tias lub overpotential ntawm hydrogen rau ntawm lub hauv paus hlau yog tsawg tshaj li qhov overpotential ntawm plating hlau, ntau dua hydrogen yuav khiav thaum txheej txheem plating tam sim ntawd tom qab lub tank. Yog hais tias plating yog siv nyob rau lub sijhawm no, kev hloov evolution ntawm hydrogen tsawg dua thiab qhov tam sim no yog siab vim tias cov plating yog thawj zaug, uas yuav txo qhov peev xwm. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, thiaj li yuav muab cov nplais nruam plating, ib qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm qhov "feem" no feem ntau yog siv thaum pib ntawm lub hwj chim, yog li ntawd qhov chaw ntawm lub substrate hlau sai sai plated nrog ib txheej ntawm hlau nrog ib tug loj hydrogen overpotential , thiab tom qab ntawd ces qhov qub Tam sim no ceev yog plated, uas muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov teeb meem nyom ntawm lub hauv paus hlau ntawm lub dispersibility thiab kev pab them nqi.